Mountain Architecture: An Alternative Design Proposal
for the
Wy'East Day Lodge, Mount Hood Oregon
by Thomas P. Deering, Jr.

APPENDIX C

EXCERPTS FROM THE FOREST SERVICE PROGRAM FOR WY'EAST

(Courtesy of Dick Spies, Broom Oringdulph O'Toole Rudolf & Associates, Portland, Oregon)

TIMBERLINE DAY LODGE BUILDING

DIVISION 100 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

110 PURPOSE/SCOPE

The purpose of this contract is the design of a Day Lodge for the Timberline Lodge Resort Complex. In addition, some facilities which are now within the Timberline Lodge will be moved to the proposed Day Lodge. This Contract will deal with the design of the spaces vacated by the facilities moved to the proposed Day Lodge.

The Day Lodge is proposed to remove the heavy winter uses from Timberline Lodge. Timberline Lodge is an historic building on the register of National Historic places. Each year hundreds of thousands of people come to Timberline Lodge for a variety of reasons: skiing, mountain climbing, hiking, and other resort activities. This heavy visitation is causing extreme wear on the building. The Day Lodge is to remove those activities which are not compatible or directly dependent on Timberline Lodge.

120 ARCHITECTURAL THEME

1. Historic Considerations

   Timberline Lodge is an historic building which was constructed in the 1930's. In 1975 an Environmental Impact Statement was written covering the proposed actions to be taken within the complex. The architectural contractor needs to become familiar with the Statement as it relates to the Day Lodge. While he has some latitude in designing [the] building, the Statement dictates that its architecture will be subordinate to the original Lodge. Its lines, form and material will be designed to blend with that building.

2. Environmental Considerations

   The Environmental Analysis Statement covers the Environmental considerations which need to be made in the design, function, and operation of the Day Lodge. The A-E contractor must become familiar with these considerations.

DIVISION 200 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

215 ARCHITECTURAL REQUIREMENTS

1. Remain faithful to the "Cascadian Architecture Existing". Compatibility is the key.
2. The Day Lodge will remain subservient to Timberline Lodge and its addition with respect to its lines, form, and material designed to blend with that building. It will not compete as as element on the site.
3. The Day Lodge is to relieve the summer and winter congestion of people in the historic Timberline Lodge, yet at the same time, accomodate visitors.

TIMBERLINE DAY LODGE SPACE SUMMARY

231 PUBLIC CIRCULATION SPACE

This category includes the portions of the building expected to be used by the general public.

1. Retail Ski Shop    -    1380 sq. ft.
   Gift Shop    -    1350 sq. ft.

   These two retail sales shops are to be located adjacent to each other to permit the space to flow back and forth between the summer and the winter seasons. They may be on the same floor or they may be on adjacent floors, one overlooking the other. They should both be near entrances. The Gift Shop in particular should be near the main public entrance.

   The design should provide for flexibility in retail operations. Final layout and selection of counters, etc. are not a part of this contract and will not be included in the construction contract.

   1. The Gift Shop will contain the following spaces:

      Sales		950 sq. ft.
      Office		100 sq. ft.
      Storage		300 sq. ft.

      The Ski Shop will contain the following spaces:

      Sales		970 sq. ft.
      Storage		300 sq. ft.
      Office		100 sq. ft.

      
      
   2. The sales spaces should be arranged to flow back and forth between seasons and will include suitable moveable room dividers.

      Offices are not necessarily to be separate rooms. Window into the sales area(s) should be provided for security and public assistance.

      Storage for the two shops need not (but may) be adjacent to each other. Each should be adjacent to its own sales space and should be available for receiving stock without serious disruption of the sales room.

   3. Spaces must provide for the following activities and services:
      1. Retail Ski Shop

         Office - one person, one desk, two chairs, one file cabinet, telephone, PA speaker, normal electric outlets, carpeting.

         Sales Area - three employees, ten customers, shelves, counter and display area (space only), PA speaker, telephone, carpeting. Dressing room of 20 sq ft. for one person with bench, hooks, and mirror. Normal electric outlets, probably including floor outlets in center area of the room.

         Storage - proportioned for good shelf and rack storage.

      2. Gift Shop - same requirements as for Retail Ski Shop except no dressing room is required.

   
   
2. Circulation (Milling Area)    -    3000 sq. ft.
   Circulation (Lockers)    -    2030 sq. ft.

   Two circulation areas are identified separately to indicate the difference between their two functions. In the actual design, they may or may not be separated. It will depend primarily on how the public use functions are divided in the building as it is actually designed.

   1. The space identified as "Milling" will contain approximately 3000 square feet. It will function as the "living room" of the Day Lodge. It will be the space where people come in to rest and warm up and should logically function for summer and winter visitors. It will contain the following functions and equipment:

      Seating for approximately 200 people. This may be a combination of benches and stepped floor areas. The large public area fireplace generally associated with ski lodges will be in this area. This space will include provision for a public telephone. It will include drinking fountains and public address speakers. This room relates strongly to the outside. The eating areas could open off this space. Circulation should be such that the fireplace can be served reasonably by the wood room.

   2. The space identified as "Lockers" will be the utilitarian, publc use area. It will also serve 200 people and will contain bench style seating for that many. It will include the following funtions and equipment:

      100		Ski Lockers
      200		Half Lockers
      20		Backback Lockers
      		Public Address Speaker
      		Public Telephones

      It will include 600 sq. ft. of space for a VIS display. Include at least 25 feet of wall space for hanging displays. The VIS area will be near the main entrance, Forest Service Office and work room. This space will include coat, boot hanging area with circulating warm air for drying. This space also relates to the ski rental, ski school public areas and should be adjacent or near rest rooms. Access to eating areas need not be adjacent to space, but it should be easy to get there from here.

3. Brown Bag Lunch Area    -    1265 sq. ft.

   This will be an eating area for people carrying their own lunches. It will contain a seating area of approximately 1100 square feet and a vending machine area of approximately 165 square feet. The seating area will contain tables and bench seating for 100 people. It will include a public address speaker and trash receptacles. Electrical outlets for custodial and maintenance work will be provided. The vending area will contain space for several vending machines, and should include a drinking fountain, a sink and small counter, and a lockable storage area of approximately 155 square feet. Utilities should include power, water, and a drain system. Power should be provided through a small distribution panel and surface outlets and wiring to provide for flexibility in the changing of vending equipment. The floor should be of a durable, easily cleaned material, such as quarry tile. This space relates to the rest rooms, the main traffic pattern, and public storage lockers.

4. Entry    -    600 sq. ft.

   This would be the year-round main entry to the Day Lodge. It would provide fot approximately 200 people passing through in or out of the building. It would contain or be adjacent to any stairs used for getting the public to different areas of the building they will use. It will include space for VIS displays, public telephones, drinking fountains, public address system and speakers. Just inside the exterior doors should be a snow- melting trap to pick up snow carried in on people's boots. This main entry related most strongly to the "milling area circulation" described previously. Electrical outlets should be provided for custodial and maintenance work.

5. Public Rest Rooms    -    1340 sq. ft.

   This total amount of public rest room space is to be provided either in two rooms or four, depending upon the overall layout of the Day Lodge. These are intended to serve the forty-five hundred persons expected on the ski area at one time. The following approximate number of fixtures should be provided:

   For Men:				For Women:
   14		Urinals		27		Water Closets
   10		Water Closets		8		Wash Basins
   8		Wash Basins

   Each rest room will contain approximately 60 square feet of grooming space with mirrors in addition to the areas around the basins. Provide roller towels for hand drying. Provide a public address speaker in all public rest rooms. Provide facilities for the handicapped in at leas one men's and one women's rest room. These rooms relate most strongly to the two circulation areas, the Brown Bag Lunch Room, the Cafeteria, the Beer Stube, and the outside of the building.

6. Climber's Room and Toilet    -    175 sq. ft.

   This will serve five people. This room is provided as a final preparation and jump off space for persons climbing the mountain. These people normally leave early in the morning, long before other parts of the building would be needed or open to the public. It should have its own separate entrance, either directly to the exterior or by being placed adjacent to one of the normal, public entrances. If it is located adjacent to one of the normal, public entrances, provision must be made to block the remainder of the building off beyond the entrance to the Climber's Room. The Climber's Room should contain approximately one hundred fifty square feet. It should include a built-in table, space for the climber's register, a display space for climber's instructions and warnings. The room should be sound- deadened. It should contain a floor drain. Lighting and other fixtures in the room are to be vandal-proofed. This room should include independently controlled heating, be turned off or way down when the room is not in use as a Climber's Room. The heat is not to be controllable from within this space. No electrical outlets should be included. Accessible from inside the Climber's Room should be a small rest room of approximately 25 square feet containing one water closet, one sink. The sink should include a tap for filling water bottles. These fixtures are to be vandal-proofed. The room is also to contain a floor drain. The Climber's Room should be finished in durable, easily maintained materials as they will receive hard usage.

232 SKIER SERVICE SPACE

This catagory includes the portions of the building expected to be used by the skiing public.

1. Nursery    -    630 sq. ft.

   This Nursery is intended for baby sitting of 16 infants and small children. It will consist of a playroom of approximately 600 square feet and a rest room of approximately 30 square feet. The Playroom will include a sink and a drinking fountain set in a small counter, a table area, a storage cabinet, a small sleeping area, a coathanging space, toy boxes, a nd a floor play area. The floor should be carpeted. It should include a TV antenna outlet, a telephone, normal electrical outlets. The space should be sound-deadened. A small Rest Room should open off of the Play Room. The Rest Room should contain approximately 30 square feet. It should contain a water closet, a roller towel, and a waste container. It would be used by one child with the attendant.

2. Ski Rental    -    2830 sq. ft.

   The Ski Rental space will provide for the following functons:

   A Graduated Length Method Rental Shop containing 1380 square feet. A regular Rental Shop containing 970 square feet. A Ski Repair facility supporting both rental shops of 350 square feet, and an office for the Rental Manager of 100 square feet. These are more particularly described as follows:

   1. Graduated Length Method (GLM) Rental Shop

      The Graduated Length Method Rental Shop will contain a boot rental area of 900 square feet. This will contain 700 pairs of boots, benches for fitting of boots, a public address system speaker, a telephone. The floor should be carpeted. The GLM Rental Area also will contain a Ski Rental room of approximately 480 square feet. It will contain 800 pairs of skis and poles. Features will include a fitting table for fitting skis to skiers, a public address speaker, a telephone. The floor should be carpeted. The GLM Rental Area will be operated in conjunction with, as a support for, the Graduated Length Method Ski instruction program. In this program, skiers will be fitted with a pair of boots the first day, and will use this pair of boots throughout this program, picking them up for each lesson. As they progress through this instruction program, they will receive different skis as different lessons are completed. The major feature of the GLM Ski Rental Area is a fitting table on which skiers stand while the attendant stands comfortably on the floor and fits skis properly to the boots. This could be accomplished by the use of a table on which the skier stands while the attendant stands on the floor. It could also be handled by the use of two different floor levels; the skiers standing on an upper level, and the attendant on a lower level. This would be preferable if the design and layout of the building can efficiently use this floor level change. The GLM Rental Area should contain normal electrical outlets.

   2. Regular Ski Rental Shop

      In addition to the Graduated Length Method Ski Rental Shop, there will also be provided a regular Boot and Ski Rental Shop of approximately 1000 square feet. This will be utilized by skiers for renting skis, boots, and poles whether they are part of an instructional program or are just skiers for the day. This will contain 300 pairs of boots and 400 pairs of skis and poles. It will contain fitting benches for boots and similar fitting benches, tables or different floor levels for fitting skis as was described for the GLM Shop. It will also contain a public address system speaker, a telephone. The floor should be carpeted. Normal electrical outlets should be provided. The two rental shops do not particularly strongly relate to each other; however, for efficient management and flexibility, they should be generally close to each other. They relate most strongly to the locker circulation space. It should be very close to exterior exits of those serving the parking lot and those serving the ski slopes, particularly the ski instruction gathering areas.

   3. Ski Repair Shop

      A Ski Repair Shop approximately 350 square feet is to be provided. It should have good access to and from both rental shops and should be reasonably accessible to the retail ski shop. It need not be a completely separate room from the rental shop, but it should be definitely separated so that functions are not mixed. Space should be provided for a work bench with capabilities of testing bindings. It should provide for a bench sander, a drill press, storage for 20 pairs of skis and poles. It should contain a telephone and a public address system speaker.

   4. Ski Rental Office

      A Ski Rental Office of approximately 100 square feet is to be provided. This will be the office of the Rental Manager. It should be within the general area of the Rental and Repair Shops. It should contain one desk, two chairs, one file cabinet, a telephone, a public address system speaker. The floor should be carpeted.

3. Ski Patrol    -    594 sq. ft.

   This serves as a work preparation area for 18 ski patrolmen. It should contain 18 full length lockers, one desk, table and bench space for 12 people, a telephone, a storage area, public address system speaker, and radio antennas. It should be near an outside access. It should be near an Employees Rest Room. It should be adjacent to the First Aid Room.

4. First Aid Room    -    630 sq. ft.

   The First Aid Room will contain approximately 600 square feet, and a Rest Room of approximately 30 square feet. The First Aid room should contain 10 beds, curtain dividers, storage cabinets, a sink and small counter, a telephone. The door should be wide enough to permit access with stretchers and akja. Accessible from the First Aid Room should be a small rest room containing a water closet. The door should be wide to permit easy access. The Rest Room should be planned for use by one injured person assisted by an attendant. The First Aid Room relates strongly to outside access to the loading dock for transfer of injured skiers to an ambulance. It should be adjacent to the Ski Patrol Room. Consideration must be given to getting injured skiers from the slopes inside to the Day Lodge into the First Aid Room with a minimum of confusion.

5. Lift Ticket Sales    -    180 sq. ft.

   This space is provided for the purchase of lift tickets, ski school packages, and information. It will have eight ticket windows, four facing in the building, and four facing outside the building. It will contain a lockable ticket storage area, a telephone, public address speaker. The floor should be carpeted. It should contain a safe for continuous or often deposits of receipts. The interior windows should be off of one of the circulation areas or a corridor leading to one of the circulation areas. It relates to the ski rental shops, the circulation area containing lockers, to outside access to the ski slopes, and to the ski school. Allow inside and exterior space for customers at the windows and long lines. The practical fitting of the ticket sales space into the building may require considerable latitude of location.

233 ADMINISTRATIVE SPACE

This category includes the portions of the building provided to support the management of the building. These spaces are not intended in most cases for use by the public. In most cases, it is not necessary for any of this space to be accessible to the general public. This is the "behind the scenes" space necessary for the successful operation of the facilities.

1. Multi-purpose Room No. 1    -    300 sq. ft.
   Multi-purpose Room No. 2    -    200 sq. ft.

   As their names imply, these rooms are provided for a multitude of uses. During ski race functions, one of these rooms might be used as a Press Room. The other might be used as a Race Committee Room. During mountain rescue activities, one of these rooms could be used as the Rescue/Coordination Room. During other periods, one or both of these rooms might be used as a Conference Room by the Permitee's management staff or by the Forest Service. These rooms would contain the following features: multiple telephone hook-ups, radio and TV antenna connections, five tables in the large room, three tables in the small room along with chairs. Normal or greater than normal electrical outlets, TV antenna, one large Pinup or Bulletin Board area. Carpeting on the floor. Independent lighting controls, public address speaker, a door between the rooms if they are adjacent to each other. They should be reasonably near Public Rest Rooms. Exterior access is not critical but should be reasonable.

2. Administrative Office    -    150 sq. ft.

   This will be the office of the Day Lodge Manager. It will contain two desks, four to six chairs, four file cabinets, telephone, storage cabinets, a safe, a public address speaker. It should be generally accessible to the main use areas of the Day Lodge.

3. Forest Service Office    -    100 sq. ft.

   This will be the office for the Forest Service VIS activities within the Timberline Lodge complex. This office will contain one desk, two chairs, one file cabinet, storage cabinets, telephone. The floor should be carpeted. It should be generally accessible to the public areas and to the main outside access (the Entry). It should be adjacent to the Forest Service Workshop.

4. Forest Service Workshop    -    325 sq. ft.

   This will be day-to-to work space for the Forest Service naturalist and several staff naturalists assigned to the Timberline Lodge Complex. It will contain a work bench, storage cabinets, book shelves, movie screen, two desks, telephone. The floor should be carpeted. It should be generally accessible to the public area and to an outside access. It should be adjacent to the Forest Service office.

5. Ski Instructors Room    -    700 sq. ft.

   This will be a Storage and Work Preparation Room for 70 weekend Ski Instructors and 20 weekday Ski Instructors. It will contain 90 ski lockers, a storage cabinet, telephone, public address speaker, and benches to seat 70 people. Larger lockers will be provided for 20 weekday Ski Instructors who are permanent employees of the Timberline Ski School. This room should be reasonably near the Ski School Office and to Public Rest Rooms. It should be near access to the ski slopes.

6. Ski School Office    -    150 sq. ft.

   This will be the Administrative Office for the Timberline Ski School. This is not the place the public signs up for ski lessons. It will be a work space for two people. It will contain two desks, four chairs, two file cabinets, storage cabinet, video tape equipment with locked storage, storage for two sets of ski equipment, carpeting on the floor, public address speaker. It should be reasonably near the Ski Instructor Room, and should be accessible to the ski slopes.

7. Employees Rest Room - Men    -    60 sq. ft.
   Employees Rest Room - Women    -    60 sq. ft.

   These two Rest Rooms are provided for the use of employees, and are to be located in a part of the building generally restricted to the use of employees. One group of employees expected to use these rest rooms are the Ski Patrol. The Rest Rooms will contain:

   For Men:				For Women:
   1		Urinal		3		Water Closets
   1		Water Closets		1		Sink
   1		Lavatory Sink				Roller Towel Service
   		Roller Towel Service

   
   
8. Employee Overnight Accomodations    -    2080 sq. ft.

   These are to be provided at the rate of 115 square feet per person for 16 employees. They are to be arranged two and/or three persons per room. Each room would contain a bed for each person assigned, a storage locker or closet for each person, a telephone, one table, two chairs, carpeting on the floor, television outlet. A Bathroom of approximately 40 square feet is to be provided for each Sleeping Room.

234 FOOD SERVICE

This category includes the space necessary to provide food service to the public.

1. Dining    -    7860 sq. ft.

   This will include a Dining Room of approximately 4800 square feet, and a Food Preparation Area of approximately 3060 square feet.

   1. Dining Room    -    4800 sq. ft.

      This Dining Room serves approximately 300 people. It will include table and chair seating. We have figured it at 16 square feet per person. The specific features to be included within the Dining Area are: public address speaker, trash receptacles, tray busing facilities, and drinking fountains. This Dining Area will be located adjacent to the Beer Stube and arreanged such that mealtime overflows can be seated in the Beer Stube for eating. At times, when the Beer Stube is being used, its overflows can be seated in the Dining Area.

   2. Food Preparation    -    3060 sq. ft.

      The Food Preparation Area consists of a number of functions which will be discussed separately as follows:

      1. Kitchen - 1728 square feet. This will be a work space for approximately five people. It will contain ovens, stoves, sink, counters, etc. The cafeteria serving line will separate the Kitchen from the Dining Area. Electrical service will be tailored to fit the needs of the equipment in the kitchen. All kitchen equipment should be served through one or more distribution panels located conveniently. Wiring methods should permit easy changes of service as kitchen equipment changes in the future. Include a public address speaker.
         
         
      2. Office - 120 square feet. This will be the office of the Food Service Manager and will contain one desk, two chairs, one file cabinet, a telephone. It should be located to permit observation of the Kitchen and Dining Area.
         
         
      3. Refrigerators - 288 square feet. These will be two approximately 12 ft. by 12 ft. standard walk-in Refrigerator Units. They should contain standard, adjustable storage rack systems capable of handling the wide variety of foodstuffs stored in such refrigerator units. They must be located within the food preparation area and convenient to restocking either from the elevators or directly from the loading dock areas.
         
         
      4. Dry Storage - 576 square feet. This will be the working, day-to-day, dry storage area for food service. The space should contain: a flexible shelving system capable of handling the wide variety of foodstuffs used in this type of operation. Its location requirements are similar to those stated for the walk-in refrigerators.
         
         
      5. Dishwashing - 168 square feet. This will contain a typical, commercial dishwasher similar to that in the C. S. Price wing. Include a stainless steel pot sink of typical design to comply with health standards. Include stainless steel shelf storage for dishes. Sink will also serve the pre- rinse, dish cleaning operation. Provide facility for scraping garbage from dishes and provide undercounter space for three standard garbage cans. This space must be located conveniently for busing dirty dishes from the Dining Area and for removing garbage to the Garbage Room.
         
         
      6. Rest Room - Locker Room - 180 square feet. This will be a change room for kitchen employees. Provide water closet in an internal, separate, small room. The main room will contain 10 lockers and a lavatory-sink in a small counter. Provide bench seating for two people. Locate conveniently within food preparation complex.
         
         
2. Bar    -    1460 sq. ft.

   This will be a Beer Stube providing a typical Ski Lodge atmosphere. Beer and wines will be served.

   1. Beer Stube    -    1100 sq. ft.

      Provide seating for approximately 100 people (calculated this at 11 square feet per person). Plan on individual chairs and cocktail sized tables. This area is to be adjacent to the Dining Area and "accordian" with it, as discussed under Dining Area. Include a public address speaker and a TV antenna outlet. Also, include a music public address system. Provide dimmer lighting control.

   2. Bar Area and Storage    -    360 sq. ft.

      This will be a Work Area for three people. This will include a bar equipped for beer, wine and soft drink service. Bar will include the usual water, sink, dishwashing, glass storage services typical of this type. Include an under-counter refrigerator. Include a Bar Storage Room behind or beside the bar. Provide remote keg taps. The kegs will be stored either in the Bar Store Room or near the loading dock, depending upon the distances involved. The public spaces of the Food Services Areas relate strongly to one or both of the Public Circulation Areas. They relate to the Rest Rooms and to outside access. The Food Preparation Areas relate strongly to the loading dock and to the Garbage Room for stocking and removal of wastes.

235 UTILITY SPACE

This category includes all the support, utility space necessary for this building.

1. Mechanical Equipment Room    -    (2000) sq. ft.

   No specific space has been budgeted for equipment. Provide space as necessary to house the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning equipment, electrical distribution equipment, domestic water heating, and similar equipment. A possible location for all or a portion of this mechanical equipment would be under the roadway adjacent to a tunnel to the existing Wing Addition. It may also be possible to locate Mechanical Equipment Rooms in the lower floors of the Day Lodge itself. (See Section on Mechanical Equipment).

2. Mechanical Equipment Storage    -    200 sq. ft.

   This will be the Mechanical Equipment, Spare Parts Storage Room. Bins will be provided by the owner. Simple lighting and normal electrical outlets.

3. Mechanical Work Shop    -    150 sq. ft.

   This will be a Work Station for one person. It should include a sink, a public address speaker, a telephone, and space for a work bench.

4. Mechanical Equipment Office    -    120 sq. ft.

   This will be the office for the Mechanical Equipment Supervisor. It will contain one desk, two chairs, one letter file, a telephone, a plans file, and a drafting table. All four of these mechanical spaces should be grouped together, and should have generally good access to the tunnel to the C. S. Wing and Loading Dock Area.

5. Telephone Switch Room    -    150 sq. ft.

   This will be a room for the telephone company to use for telephone switch gear. It should be located in the general, Mechanical Equipment Area. Bring telephone feeder conduits to this room.

6. Loading Dock and Storage    -    1050 sq. ft.

   The Loading Dock will be the means by which supplies are brought into the Day Lodge and wastes are removed. The Loading Dock will also be the means of removal of accident victims requiring ambulance service. The Loading Dock is to be enclosed within a garage-like space with closeable doors. The garage will include space for the Lodge's delivery truck (a 2-ton chassis size), and an ambulance. In addition, provide a temporary storage area for off-loading supplies. The Loading Dock should contain two vehicle stalls as noted above. Dock levelers are not necessary. Height of dock should accomodate the 2-ton stake bed type truck, and should also accomodate current ambulance types. Provide telephone and public address system speaker. Provide exhaust gas removal for one vehicle stall. Provide overhead doors at the exterior of the garage.

7. Garbage and Incinerator Room    -    470 sq. ft.

   This space will be used for collection and disposal of garbage and wastes generated in the Day Lodge. It will also be used for collection and disposal of waste generated in the future motel, and in existing Timberline Lodge. The room is to contain an incinerator meeting current and expected air pollution control standards. The room will also contain a bottle crusher and space for garbage and waste containers. This space relates strongly to the Loading Dock Area and to the tunnel from the C. S. Price Wing. It is also important for it to be reasonably accessible from the Food Preparation Area to get garbage to this space from there.

8. Janitor Space    -    120 sq. ft.

   Provide three typical janitor closets of approximately 30 square feet each. They should include a floor-type receptor sink and space for storage of mops and brooms and other small, cleaning equipment. Provide shelves for storage of readily usable cleaning supplies. Provide a Janitor Storage Room of approximately 120 square feet. Storage of cleaning supplies and larger cleaning equipment, such as power buffers and vacuum cleaners. The janitor closets should be distributed around the building, particularly accessible to the public areas. The Janitor Storage Room should be located in a place where it is readily available to the areas most needing cleaning.

9. Wood Storage    -    300 sq. ft.

   Provide a room large enough to store 25 cords of wood. It should be reasonably accessible to the outside-either through the loading dock or through the south slope entrances to the building. It should also be reasonably accessible to the Fireplace Area; either through the elevator system or a corridor system. Bear in mind that filling the room with wood is essentially a once-a-year operation in the late summer or early fall, and therefore does not require the room to be directly adjacent to any entrance. It is more important for it to be reasonably accessible to the Fireplace Area. Heat is not required. Provide ventilation.

10. Store Room    -    625 sq. ft.

    This is a general Store Room to be used for storage of supplies and materials of use in the Day Lodge. Shelving or rack systems will be provided by the owner. It should be generally accessible to the Loading Dock and to the elevators.

11. Tunnels

    One tunnel is planned to connect the Day Lodge and the recently constructed Wing Addition. The A-E Contractor will study and provide proposals and eventually designs for this tunnel. This tunnel is a service tunnel for use by employees, but not normally for use by the general public. It should enter the Day Lodge in the general area of the Loading Dock, the Garbage Incinerator Space, and the Mechanical Areas. It should enter the Wing Addition in the general Loading Area. This may require considerable alterations in this area, possibly including modifications in the existing elevator.

    A connection constructed from the west side of the Day Lodge to the future Motel unit. Provide a means of making this connect. This will require coordination with another A-E firm as noted in Section 130.

240 SERVICES

This section will group the requirements for the utilites serving the Day Lodge.

1. A - Heating and Ventilation

   Design for heating must emphasize energy conservation. Insulate heavily, provide details that minimize air infiltration, use glass carefully, use Thermpane or similar windows. Collect and use normally wasted heat, such as the great fireplace, garbage incineration, and food preparation heat. Minimize loss of heated air; filter air that has been circulated, and reuse it to avoid the energy use required to warm large quantities of makeup air. In general, meet ASHRAE 90-75 standards. Solar energy is not expected to be a significant factor at this location; however, use "passive" techniques to collect and make use of whatever solar energy is available. Geothermal potential near Timberline Lodge is now being studied. It is hoped that geothermal energy will be available for future heating of this and other buildings in the Timberline complex. Design and layout heating equipment in such a way to enhance the possibility of the future use of geothermal energy with a minimum of change in the system. Provide zone control of heating and ventilation to permit areas of a similar use to be set bak when they are not in use as a means of energy conservation. Use vestibules and wind deflectors at entrances to minimize air infiltration. Use the prevailing wind pattern to aid in location of entrances and other openings, thereby also minimizing air infiltration. Design conditions as follows:

   Exterior Design Temperature		-	0 degrees F.
   Wind Velocity		-	50 mi per hour
   Interior Design Temperatures:
   	Public Circulation Areas	-
   	Rental Shops	-	65 degrees
   	Food Service Areas	-
   	Public Rest Rooms	-
   	Retail Shops	-
   	Nursery	-	68 degrees
   	Administrative Areas	-
   	First Aid	-
   	Ski Patrol	-
   	All other spaces	-	70 degrees

   The primary use of the building will be winter ski activities. However, it will also be used in spring, summer and fall. Provide ventilation using outside air. Refrigerated air is not expected to be necessary.

1. B - Heating System Study

   The contractor shall conduct a study of heating for the existing Lodge Building, the Wing Addition and the Day Lodge.

   The study is to concern itself with the source of heat only, not with any modifications to the existing system.

   The source of the existing system is two low pressure steam boilers about 15 years old. The fuel is one of the heavy residuals. The original Lodge building is heated by individual radiator systems. The Wing Addition is heated by warm air distributed by an air handling unit powered by a hot water heat exchanger.

   The major questions to be resolved are:

   1. Are the two existing boilers in need of imminent replacement?

   2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of operating a central heating source for the Lodge, Addition and Day Lodge?

   3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of operating an interconnected heating system with the source for the Lodge Addition remaining in the Lodge and the source for the Day Lodge located in the Day Lodge?

2. Electrical Requirements...

3. Water and Sewer System...

4. Fire Protection...

5. Structural Design Requirements

   Basic roof design load is 300 pounds per square foot. The use of live load reduction formulas for roof slopes is acceptable; however, care must be taken that there is room for snow to slide off of roofs. Wind direction must be carefully considered in laying out roofs of diferent elevations to minimize or completely avoid deposition of snow in the lee of projections; such as, dormers or high roofs allowing snow to be dumped on lower roofs. Exterior stairways should be avoided, but if they must be used, they also must be so located as to eliminate inundation with snow drifting into them. Wind and seismic design and interior live loads should be in accordance with the Uniform Building Code.

   The roof plan, building projections and openings should be based on and tested by model tests in a wind tunnel.

Master of Architecture Thesis
(M. Arch - University of Washington - 1986)

Extensive copying of this thesis is allowable only for scholarly purposes,
consistent with "fair use" as described in the U.S. Copyright Law.
Any other reproduction for any purpose or by any means
shall not be allowed without my written permission.

Copyright 1986 © Thomas P. Deering, Jr.

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